Myofascial pain syndrome overview
Chronic pain affecting muscles and fascia
The word ‘myofascial’ refers to connective tissue in the body called ‘fascia’ which surrounds muscle tissue (‘myo’ means ‘muscle’) and internal organs.
Myofascial pain syndrome describes chronic deep muscular pain that tends to occur in specific areas of the body. It is also common for pain in one area to lead to referred pain in another part of the body. It is sometimes referred to by the abbreviations ‘MPS’ or ‘CMP’ (Chronic Myofascial Pain).
Causes of myofascial pain syndrome
Factors that can contribute to trigger point pain
Myofascial pain syndrome is caused by damage to the fascia and the subsequent formation of knots in the muscle either due to a specific injury or some form of overuse of a muscle or set of muscles. These knots are referred to as ‘trigger points’ and can then cause pain throughout the entire muscle.
The types of factors that can lead to developing the condition include:
- Insufficient sleep
- Other pain
- Other medical conditions
- Menopause
- Smoking
- Poor diet
- Overweight or obesity
- Stress, depression, anxiety
- Injury to muscles, bones or intervertebral discs
- Sustained repetitive physical activities
- Very low levels of physical activity
- Poor posture while sitting or standing
Myofascial pain syndrome tests and diagnosis
How myofascial pain is assessed
The first step in the diagnosis of myofascial pain syndrome is a complete review of medical history, including all symptoms and any previous injuries or surgery. Physical examination will involve an assessment of any pain trigger points and any resultant referred pain (this may be indicated by a muscle twitch, as opposed to pain).
Your doctor may also recommend other tests to make sure that the symptoms are not caused by another condition.
Ready to take the next step?
Comprehensive pain assessments- Individual treatment planning
- Medication review and optimisation
